(Haka Sngikha ba 142 Jong Une U Rangbah Haka 15 Tarik u June 2007)
H.H.Mohrmen
Kiba bun kim ju tip kim ju bna satia shaphang une u Rangbah bad wat kito kiba ju bna wur wur wer wer shaphang jong u, ki shu tip ia u H.K.Singh tang kum u nongseng jong ka balang Unitarian ha kine ki lum Khasi Jaintia bad Karbi Anglong. U paid Khasi Pnar um pat tip satia shaphang bun kiwei pat ki jingnoh synniang jong une u Riewkhraw sha ka imlang sahlang Khasi Pnar jong ngi. Haka jingshisha ki don shibun kiei kiei kiba une u Rangbah ula leh kiba long kum ki mawjam haka jingnangroi nangsan jong kane ka jaitbynriew ba ritpaid ka jong ngi, hynrei ym tip na kaei ka daw ba la leh klet ia u. U H.K.Singh uba kata ka pateng ka khot ieit u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh; u dei uba na pateng kaba ar jong ki Khasi Pnar kiba la nang la stad (second generation of educated Khasis). Ka sien kaba nyngkong ba la pynpaw paidbah ia ka jingkhraw jong une u khlur ka jaitbynriew lyngba kawei ka artikil shaphang jong u ia kaba la thoh da u Dr. Sylvanus Lamare (Member Sahitya Academy) ha u kot khubor Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006. Ha kane ka artikil u nongthoh ula maitphang kyllum shaphang une u Riewkhraw, hynrei hangne pat ngin pyrshang ban pynpaw ia kiwei pat ki jingkynnoh synniang kiba u H.K.Singh ula bynrap lem haka imlang sahlang, kiba uba bun ba lang um pat tip.
Ka Lamphang Khyndiat : La kha ia u Hajom Kissor Singh Lyngdoh Nongbri, haka 15 tarik u June 1865, haka shnong Saitsohpen ha Sohra, mynba ka Sohra ka dang dei ka nongbah jong ka jingsynshar nongwei ha kine ki lum Khasi Jaintia jong ngi. U kpa jong u, u dei u Bor Singh uba trei kam shipai haka sorkar phareng, bad dei namar kata ba ula iohlad ban phah skul iala u khun ha ki skul mission. Kum u briew; u long uba trei shitom ban pynroi ialade laka long ha kaba ia dei bad ka kam kaba u trei ne bad ka niam kaba u seng, u duriap bad dukhi khui ban nangiaidshaphrang hapdeng kiba bun ki jingeh kiba u ia kynduh. Shikyntien lah ban ong ba u dei u briew uba pynlong briew dalade ialade (self-made man).
U H.K.Singh u briew ba ieid ia ka jingstad : Ha kine ki artylli ki parakrap, yn jer tang katto katne eh ki bynta kiba ula nohgsynniang ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingkiew irat jong ka thoh ka tar haka ktien Khasi bad ka jingnang jingstad hi kumjuh. Ka jingieid jong u ia ka jingnang jingstad ka sdang nala rympei iing jong u hi, wat la ialade um shym la ioh ban pyndep iala ka jong ka jingangnud ban bteng ia ka jingpule sha Calcutta 1 , hynrei katba shong la ka buit ka bor, u pynshlur iala ki jong ki khun ban pyndep ia ki jingpule jong ki.Ula long u Khasi uba nyngkong ban phah shong skul iala u khun shynrang (Mr. Ekiman Singh) ba dang 13 snem sha America haka snem 1916 bad ula long ruh uba nyngkong ban phah shongskul iala i khun kynthei (Miss Ruphimai Rani) sha Calcutta haka snem 1920. U long ruh u nongiarap lem iala u para (Babu Nissor Singh) ha kaba pynmih ia ka Anglo-Khasi Dictionary 2 bad kane ka dei ka Dictionery Phareng-khasi kaba nyngkong eh haka histori ka thoh ka tar. Kaba kongsan ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingnoh synniang jong u ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingnang jingstad ka dei ka jingseng jong u ia kawei ka skul naka bynta ki khynnah rit mynba u dang trei haka Ophis u DC ha Jowai. Haka snem 1893 ula seng iaka skul hikai khynnah bad ka neh haduh ka snem 1904 haba ka sokar kala phah shimti noh ia u ia ka kam Dewan haka hima Khyrim.3 Dei bun bun snem hadien ba ula khlad ba ki nongbud jong u kila bteng ia kata kaba ula maitlynti bad sdang ia ka skul haka kyrteng jong u hi, ka Hajom Kissor Singh School, Jowai.
Nalor kata kawei pat ka kam kaba u H.K.Singh ula leh na ka bynta ka lawei jong ka jingnang jingstad bad ka pule dangle ha jaitbynriew Khasi Pnar; ka dei ka jingdawa na u DPI jong kata ka por ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingialeh eksamin ki khynnah. Ha kata ka por ka paw ba ki khynnah Assamese bad khynnah Bengali ki ioh ban ialeh examin (L.P.) da ki jingkylli ha ki ktien jong ki hi bad kumjuh ruh la ailad ia ki ba kin jubab ia ki jingkylli ha ki ktien lajong, katba ia ki khynnah Khasi Pnar pat ki jingkylli ki wan ha ka ktien Phareng bad ki hap ban jubab ruh ia ki jingkylli da ka ktien nongwei. U H.K.Singh ula long uwei na ki laingut ki ’riewieid jingstad’ jong ka jaitbynriew kiba la soi kyrteng ha ka shithi ba ki phah sha u W.Booth, Esq., M.A., Sc.D., Shillong Assam, uba long u D.P.I., ka sorkar Phareng ban ailad ia ki khynnah skul Khasi Pnar ban ialeh eksamin da ki jingkylli kiba la thoh haka ktien Khasi bad kumjuh ruh ba kin jubab ia ki jingkylli jong ki haka ktien Khasi hi kumba la ia iohlem ki khynnah Assamese bad Bengali. Kane ka long katkum ka shithi dated Jowai ka 8 tarik jong u Rymphang (February), 1902 ia kaba la soi hakhlieh duh da u H.K.Singh, Manager Unitarian Free School, Jowai, u Soso Tham, Headmaster Shangpung U.P. School bad u Samuel Challam, Officiating Headmaster Jowai. U D.P.I. ula mynjur ia kane lyngba ka shithi jong u kaba No. 7327 dated Shillong ka 21 tarik u Risaw (October ) 1902. 4 Kane ka dei kawei na ki kam kaba khraw kaba une u Rangbah lem bad kita ki Riewieid jingstad (Educationist) jong kata ka por kila la leh.
Haba ka sorkar ha kata ka por ka don ka jingthmu ban pynmih ia ki kot pule haka ktieh Khasi naka bynta ba kin ioh pyndonkam na ka bynta ki khynnah skul hapoh ka Khasi bad Jaintia Hills Distrik, ka Sorkar kala thung ia kawei ka Textbook Committee kaba kynthup nyngkong ia u D.P.I., u Deputy Commissioner bad u sahep J.C. Evans hynrei nala liang jong ki Khasi kiba la nang la stad ha kata ka por, ki dawa ba dei ban don ki dkhot napdeng ki Khasi bala nang la stad ha kata ka Textbook Committee. Kumta ka sorkar kam banse ban pynbeit ia kata bad pdiang ia kata ka jingdawa. Ha kaba pynbeit ia kata; naka liang ki Khasi ka sorkar la thung ia H.K.Singh kum u dkhot jong kata ka Textbook Committee. 5 U Khasi Mynta, Nailur 1903. Kumba la paw ba u dei tang ma u hi u khun Khasi uba ioh rung ha kane ka Text Book Committee ka sorkar jong kata ka por.
Kum U Kaitor Ka Ktien Khasi : Ka kam kaba u H.K. Singh, u sdang trei nyngkong eh ka dei kum u nongput bikur (ban kyrsiew thiah) ha kawei ka kynhun shipai kaba ym pat don Khasi satia uba ioh ban rungkam ha kata ka kynhun shipai. Kumjuh ruh u dei pat u briew uba bang ban put bisli bad u nongput bisli uba tbit bha. 6 U dei uba bang bha ban rwai ban siaw bad u dei ruh u nongthaw jingrwai uba stad. Ia ka jingshisha jong ka jingpnah jong u ban thaw jingrwai lah ban sakhi na ki jingrwai kiba don haka kot jingrwai ka Balang kaba ula seng. Ula thaw 63 tylli ki jingrwai ha ka kot jingrwai ka balang Unitarian, bad kata hi kala dei kawei na ki matti ba khraw ha ka thoh ka tar. Ban thaw 63 tylli ki jingrwai kam dei ka kam kaba lah ban leh da uno uno u riewpaidbah khamtam ha kata ka por mynba ka thoh ka tar ha ka ktien Khasi (da ki dak Roman) ka dang shu sdang ka dang lung. Ban shemphang ia ka jingbha jong ki jingrwai kiba ula thaw, dei ban pule ia ka Kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian bad ka jingshisha kane ka kot jingrwai ka dei hi kawei na ki thiar ka thoh ka tar ka ktien Khasi kaba ki skholar ki la leh klet. Ha kane kajuh ka kot jingrwai ki don kumba 23 tylli ki jingrwai kiba la thaw da u R.S. Berry, uwei pat u Riewkhraw ka thoh ka tar jong ka jaitbynriew. Kumta ka kot jigrwai ka balang Unitarian lah ban ong ba ka dei kawei na ki kot kiba donkam bha haka thoh ka tar Khasi Pnar jong ngi. Nalor kata u H.K.Singh u don ruh kawei ka jingthoh prose kaba u thoh shaphang ka jingiaidlynti na Jowai sha Jaintiapur. Hynrei ka jingiaroh kaba khraw kaba u la dei ban ioh ka long ha kaba ia dei ba ki jingrwai kiba ula pynkylla Khasi (translation). Ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingbha bad jingbang jong ka rukom thoh Khasi jong u, lah ban shem na ki sakhi sabut kiba paw ha kata ka rta kaba u im.
U H.K.Singh um dei u nongsain nongshem ia thoh ka tar da ki dak Roman, hynrei ngim lah ban len ba namar ba u dei u Khasi nylla, u dei u nongpynjanai ia ka thoh ka tar ia ka ktien Khasi paka da ki dak Roman. Ki Welsh Missionery kila sdang ia ka thoh ka tar da kaba pyndonkam da ki dak Roman, hynrei ka rukom spel bad ka jingpyndei tara jong ki ia ki kyntien kam da ia hap dur hap sur eh. Shim tang ia ka nuksa kaba dang sah snap haduh mynta, ki Welsh Missionery haba ki pynkylla Khasi ia ka kyntien ‘bneng’ ki thoh byneng (kynnoh boneng) kaba bym iahap satia. Kane ka dei tang kawei ka jingshisha kaba pyni ba ka Khasi kaba u H.K.Singh u thoh ka dei ka Khasi kaba janai ban ia kaba ki Missionery ki thoh. Ia kane la nang pynskhem shuh shuh da ka jingthoh kaba la mih ha u Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006 kaba la thoh da u Dr. Sylvanus Lamare kaba u ong “ …Hangne ngin pyni ruh haduh katno u Hajom Kissor Singh, u don bynta ha kaba tei ia ka ktien Khasi, ngin shim na ka kot khubor “U Khasi Mynta,” Nailur 1, 1896. La thoh kumne, “Nga la ioh ar tylli ki kiba rit (tracts) bala thoh ha ka ktien Khasi da u Babu H.Kissor Singh, bad ia kawei ka la kylla Khasi da u Nilmoni. Ka Khasi jong kita ki kot ka long kaba itynnad shibun eh. Kita ki Kitab ki ialam beit bad iaid dur bha. La don shisha, haka jingspel wei ar kaba la shu kum btuit sha ka rim, hynrei kita kin sa nang padun suki sha ka jingjanai.” 7 Kawei pat ka sakhi ban pynpaw ia ka jingbha bad jingbit jingbiang ryntih ka rukom thoh Khasi jong u ka dei kaba la thoh biang da u Dr. Lamare hi ha kane ka ju ka jingthoh kaba u ong “Sa kawei kaba ngi lap ha “U Khasi Mynta,” Jylliew 1,899, la thoh kumne, “La phah sha ngi da U Babu Hajom Kissor Singh kawei ka kot jingrwai ki Unitarian ha ka ktien khasi ba ngin kynthoh ei ei ha “U Khasi Mynta.” La ngim da ong eiei ruh, ka long kaba la tip lypa ha ki briew baroh ba ka long kaba don ki jingrwai kiba kumno ne kiban rwai iaroh iano, hynrei kaba ngi iohi kaba kham donkam ka ban ong eiei hangne ka long ha ka jingbha ka ktien khasi jong kata ka kot jingrwai. Lada uno uno u khasi un pule un sngew ba ka jingmut ka da sngewthuh shai kdar namar ba ka ktien bad rukom thoh ka long ha ka rukom kren hi ngi ki khasi, bad ka jing spel ruh ka iaidbeit shisha shisha katban ym pyndkoh ia ki jingpule bad jingmut u nongpule. Tang don shisha ki jingspel khyndiat ki ba shu kum bakla. Hynrei don ruh ki jingpynpher khnang ia ka jingspel kum ka ktien “ieit” bad kiba kum kita haba ym shym i don jingpher ei ei wat lada kata ka ktien ka sah ha ka jingspel im.” 8 Namar kata ngi iohi ba u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh u don ka bynta kaba khraw ha kaban pynjanai ia ka thoh ka tar ia ka ktien Khasi ha kata ka rta mynba ka jingthoh ia ka ktien Khasi ka dang sdang dang lung, u ialeh ban thoh ha ka rukom kaba dei bad haka lynti kaba beit.
U Khraw Pyrkhat Uba ialeh pyrshah ia ka jingngeit biej : Ki jingrwai kiba u thaw ki dei ki; kiba phalang ia ka jingmut jingpyrkhat bad ka jingsngew kaba u don hapoh la ka mynsiem. Halor kane ka nongrim lah ban ong ba u Babu H.K.Singh u dei u briew uba pyrshah bha ia ka rukom ngeit biej bad khamtam ka jingngeit ia ki suid -lum suid-wah. Nuksa jingrwai kaba 5 dkhot 2, jingrwai 7 dkhot 3, jingrwai 35 dkhot 1.9 Ha ka por ba nga don ha Puriang, i bah Marit Nongspung (bam kwai ha duar U Blei) ila iathuh ia nga ba u H.K. Singh u ju thied ia ki jaka kiba ki briew ki ia ngeit ba ka dei ka jaka kaba shong ksuid khnang ban pyni ia ki ia kata ka jingshisha ba kata ka jingngeit bieit jong ki kam long satia kaba don nongrim.
U H.K.Singh u nongialeh pyrshah ia ki kam sniew : Ha ka jingtreikam jong u kum u Head Clark bad kumjuh ruh kum u Devan ka hima Khynrim, u H.K.Singh ula la ialeh ban pynduh ia ka jingsniew kaba mih na ka jingdih kiad bad iakhalai lyngba ka jingpynbna kaba 116 jong ka hima. 10 Ha shwa ba un leh ia kane namar ba u dei u briew uba stad uba shemphang, nyngkong ula pyniapher ia ka kiad um kaba tynrai jong u Khasi Pnar bad ka kiad kaba la wan rah da u Phareng ka kiad-pudka. Ka jingpynbna ka Khyrim State No. 186. 11 Ka jingdih buaid kaba u Khasi Pnar ula tip ka dei ka kiad khaw katba ka kiad kaba ki briew ki kyrni bad kaba pynsniew ia ka met u briew bad ia ka imlang ka dei ka wan hikai u phareng. Ha kaba ia dei bad kane ruh ula thaw kawei ka jingrwai kaba 321 dkhot kaba 2. 12
U Nongseng niam : U Rev. J.T. Sunderland (u sahep uba la ia don bynta ha ka jingialeh laitluid jong ka ri India jong ngi) u kynthoh kumne shaphang U H.K.Singh : “U Briew uba phylla shibun-uba adkar, u bym khwan lade, uba ka pyrthei kam tip, hynrei uba shlur, uba shynrang bad kum u nongmait lynti jong ka jingngeit Wei-Blei, ula long shisha uba khraw.” 13 Shuh shuh u Sunderland ula ong ba “… ka Balang u H.K. Singh ha India ka iapher la jan na baroh phar kiwei pat ki Mission Khristan ha ki lai rukom.1. ‘ …Ka long ka jingstad kaba nala ka ri. Ka mih kumban ong noh, bluit naka thymmei ka ri hi. Kumba la ong, u briew uba la sdang ia ka ula poi sha ka jingngeit Unitarian nala ka jong ka jingpule bad jingpyrkhat nadong shadong. Ym tang ba um ju iohsngew iaka jingiathuhkhana Unitarian, hynrei um ju iohi wat tang ia uwei u Unitarian ruh…’ 2. ‘…Naduh ba sdang u H.K. Singh bad ki para Khasi jong u kila ialeh bad la ia kyrpad ban ioh u Phadri Unitarian uba la ioh jingjikai, lada na America ne na Bilat ban iarap ia ki, bad ban long u nongkynpham bad nongialam jong ki. Ki la ia pyni nia ba sha kiwei kiwei ki jaid Khristan la phah da ki Phajri kiba nang, balei ba ia ki ym phah ? Wat katta ruh ym shym phah satia, kumta baroh ki jingialap jong ki, ki jingiaseng rubibar bad kiwei kiwei ki jinghikai niam, ki pyniaid ia ki Balang jong ki, bad ki kam kiba ia dei bad ka balang jong ki, la pyniaid baroh kine ki snem da ki shynrang bad kynthei ki bym shym la ju iakynduh ia kiwei pat ki Unitarian, ne rung ha kiwei pat ki Ingmane Unitarian ne jingiaseng, lait tang nala ki jong hi...’ 3. ‘… wat ka jingiarap tyngka ruh kila ioh tang khyndiat eh, ngam tharai ba ki ioh wat tang shi bynta naka shiphew bynta ia kaba kiwei ki Mission ki ioh kiba ha ka juh ka jinglong… Kim shym la ioh jingiarap kaba biang … ban kyrshan palat ia uwei u nongtrei ha ki Balang ne ki skul…La jan baroh naduh ka jingiathuhkhana, ka jinghikai ka jingpyniaid Balang, ka jingkhmih Balang bad kiwei de ki kam kiba ia dei bad ka niam la trei da ki nongkitkam ba khlem siew tulop… Nalor kaba trei iala ka kam Sorkar na kaba u bsa iala ka iing, u la long ruh u Lyngdoh khlem nam khlem tulop jong ki Balang baroh, uba la ai lut iala ka por ka balait, ia ka por katba u lah ei bad ia man kawei-pa-kwei ka tyngka ba tam naka tulop barit jong u sha ka kam kaba u da ieit haduh katta katta…’ ” 14
Ki don shibun kiei kiei kiba ngi lah ban thoh shaphang ka jingkhraw jong une u Khasi ba proh jabieng, sbun mynsiem bad ba shlur. Hynrei ha ine ki jingthoh iba rit ngim lah ban thoh lut ia baroh ki jingnoh synniang jong u sha ka imlang bad khamtam sha ka Balang Unitarian kaba u seng. Ha kane ka sngikha ba 142 snem jong une u Rangbah ka jingpynmih ia kane kawei pat ka jingthoh kyrpang kan pyndap khyndiat ia uta u tiar jingtip jong ngi shaphang une u Khraw pyrkhat ka jait bynriew. Ki Riewstad ka thoh ka tar, ka pule dangle ha ka ktien Khasi kila dei ban nang tih bad wadbniah shaphang une uwei pat u khlur jong ka jaitbynriew. Haka jingshisha wat ka Sorkar jylla ruh kala leh klet ia une u riewstad jong ka jylla, imat ngi ia bun kam ha kaban iaroh bad pyndon burom ia ki tiew kulap kiba wan nabar ri, ngi klet noh ia u tiew dohmaw ba mih na ka khyndew lajong ha ki ranap lum jong ngi hi.
Refference:
1 Rev. Devison Marbaniang, Ka jingkynmaw ieit, na Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh.
2 Ka Jingpynithuh da i Wessily Rani, ha ka kot Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh.
3 Rev. Devison Marbaniang, Ka jingkynmaw ieit, na Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh
4 Ka Jingim bad jingtrei u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh pp. 26 & 27.
5 Ibid pp. 27 & 28.
6 Kat kum ka jingtip jong nga bala thoh da u Phinton Mylliem Ngap, ha ka Jingim bad jingtrei jong u Babu H.K.Singh.
7 U Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006.
8 Ibid.
9 Ka Kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian.
10 Ka Jingim bad jingtrei u Babu H.K.Singh pp. 30.
11 Ibid pp. 30.
12 Ka kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian.
13 U Nonglam Khmat ba Rangbah ha Ri Khasi-Jaintia bad Mikir, Ka kot khubor Jingkyntiew 23/10/1965.
14 Ibid.
H.H.Mohrmen
Kiba bun kim ju tip kim ju bna satia shaphang une u Rangbah bad wat kito kiba ju bna wur wur wer wer shaphang jong u, ki shu tip ia u H.K.Singh tang kum u nongseng jong ka balang Unitarian ha kine ki lum Khasi Jaintia bad Karbi Anglong. U paid Khasi Pnar um pat tip satia shaphang bun kiwei pat ki jingnoh synniang jong une u Riewkhraw sha ka imlang sahlang Khasi Pnar jong ngi. Haka jingshisha ki don shibun kiei kiei kiba une u Rangbah ula leh kiba long kum ki mawjam haka jingnangroi nangsan jong kane ka jaitbynriew ba ritpaid ka jong ngi, hynrei ym tip na kaei ka daw ba la leh klet ia u. U H.K.Singh uba kata ka pateng ka khot ieit u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh; u dei uba na pateng kaba ar jong ki Khasi Pnar kiba la nang la stad (second generation of educated Khasis). Ka sien kaba nyngkong ba la pynpaw paidbah ia ka jingkhraw jong une u khlur ka jaitbynriew lyngba kawei ka artikil shaphang jong u ia kaba la thoh da u Dr. Sylvanus Lamare (Member Sahitya Academy) ha u kot khubor Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006. Ha kane ka artikil u nongthoh ula maitphang kyllum shaphang une u Riewkhraw, hynrei hangne pat ngin pyrshang ban pynpaw ia kiwei pat ki jingkynnoh synniang kiba u H.K.Singh ula bynrap lem haka imlang sahlang, kiba uba bun ba lang um pat tip.
Ka Lamphang Khyndiat : La kha ia u Hajom Kissor Singh Lyngdoh Nongbri, haka 15 tarik u June 1865, haka shnong Saitsohpen ha Sohra, mynba ka Sohra ka dang dei ka nongbah jong ka jingsynshar nongwei ha kine ki lum Khasi Jaintia jong ngi. U kpa jong u, u dei u Bor Singh uba trei kam shipai haka sorkar phareng, bad dei namar kata ba ula iohlad ban phah skul iala u khun ha ki skul mission. Kum u briew; u long uba trei shitom ban pynroi ialade laka long ha kaba ia dei bad ka kam kaba u trei ne bad ka niam kaba u seng, u duriap bad dukhi khui ban nangiaidshaphrang hapdeng kiba bun ki jingeh kiba u ia kynduh. Shikyntien lah ban ong ba u dei u briew uba pynlong briew dalade ialade (self-made man).
U H.K.Singh u briew ba ieid ia ka jingstad : Ha kine ki artylli ki parakrap, yn jer tang katto katne eh ki bynta kiba ula nohgsynniang ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingkiew irat jong ka thoh ka tar haka ktien Khasi bad ka jingnang jingstad hi kumjuh. Ka jingieid jong u ia ka jingnang jingstad ka sdang nala rympei iing jong u hi, wat la ialade um shym la ioh ban pyndep iala ka jong ka jingangnud ban bteng ia ka jingpule sha Calcutta 1 , hynrei katba shong la ka buit ka bor, u pynshlur iala ki jong ki khun ban pyndep ia ki jingpule jong ki.Ula long u Khasi uba nyngkong ban phah shong skul iala u khun shynrang (Mr. Ekiman Singh) ba dang 13 snem sha America haka snem 1916 bad ula long ruh uba nyngkong ban phah shongskul iala i khun kynthei (Miss Ruphimai Rani) sha Calcutta haka snem 1920. U long ruh u nongiarap lem iala u para (Babu Nissor Singh) ha kaba pynmih ia ka Anglo-Khasi Dictionary 2 bad kane ka dei ka Dictionery Phareng-khasi kaba nyngkong eh haka histori ka thoh ka tar. Kaba kongsan ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingnoh synniang jong u ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingnang jingstad ka dei ka jingseng jong u ia kawei ka skul naka bynta ki khynnah rit mynba u dang trei haka Ophis u DC ha Jowai. Haka snem 1893 ula seng iaka skul hikai khynnah bad ka neh haduh ka snem 1904 haba ka sokar kala phah shimti noh ia u ia ka kam Dewan haka hima Khyrim.3 Dei bun bun snem hadien ba ula khlad ba ki nongbud jong u kila bteng ia kata kaba ula maitlynti bad sdang ia ka skul haka kyrteng jong u hi, ka Hajom Kissor Singh School, Jowai.
Nalor kata kawei pat ka kam kaba u H.K.Singh ula leh na ka bynta ka lawei jong ka jingnang jingstad bad ka pule dangle ha jaitbynriew Khasi Pnar; ka dei ka jingdawa na u DPI jong kata ka por ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingialeh eksamin ki khynnah. Ha kata ka por ka paw ba ki khynnah Assamese bad khynnah Bengali ki ioh ban ialeh examin (L.P.) da ki jingkylli ha ki ktien jong ki hi bad kumjuh ruh la ailad ia ki ba kin jubab ia ki jingkylli ha ki ktien lajong, katba ia ki khynnah Khasi Pnar pat ki jingkylli ki wan ha ka ktien Phareng bad ki hap ban jubab ruh ia ki jingkylli da ka ktien nongwei. U H.K.Singh ula long uwei na ki laingut ki ’riewieid jingstad’ jong ka jaitbynriew kiba la soi kyrteng ha ka shithi ba ki phah sha u W.Booth, Esq., M.A., Sc.D., Shillong Assam, uba long u D.P.I., ka sorkar Phareng ban ailad ia ki khynnah skul Khasi Pnar ban ialeh eksamin da ki jingkylli kiba la thoh haka ktien Khasi bad kumjuh ruh ba kin jubab ia ki jingkylli jong ki haka ktien Khasi hi kumba la ia iohlem ki khynnah Assamese bad Bengali. Kane ka long katkum ka shithi dated Jowai ka 8 tarik jong u Rymphang (February), 1902 ia kaba la soi hakhlieh duh da u H.K.Singh, Manager Unitarian Free School, Jowai, u Soso Tham, Headmaster Shangpung U.P. School bad u Samuel Challam, Officiating Headmaster Jowai. U D.P.I. ula mynjur ia kane lyngba ka shithi jong u kaba No. 7327 dated Shillong ka 21 tarik u Risaw (October ) 1902. 4 Kane ka dei kawei na ki kam kaba khraw kaba une u Rangbah lem bad kita ki Riewieid jingstad (Educationist) jong kata ka por kila la leh.
Haba ka sorkar ha kata ka por ka don ka jingthmu ban pynmih ia ki kot pule haka ktieh Khasi naka bynta ba kin ioh pyndonkam na ka bynta ki khynnah skul hapoh ka Khasi bad Jaintia Hills Distrik, ka Sorkar kala thung ia kawei ka Textbook Committee kaba kynthup nyngkong ia u D.P.I., u Deputy Commissioner bad u sahep J.C. Evans hynrei nala liang jong ki Khasi kiba la nang la stad ha kata ka por, ki dawa ba dei ban don ki dkhot napdeng ki Khasi bala nang la stad ha kata ka Textbook Committee. Kumta ka sorkar kam banse ban pynbeit ia kata bad pdiang ia kata ka jingdawa. Ha kaba pynbeit ia kata; naka liang ki Khasi ka sorkar la thung ia H.K.Singh kum u dkhot jong kata ka Textbook Committee. 5 U Khasi Mynta, Nailur 1903. Kumba la paw ba u dei tang ma u hi u khun Khasi uba ioh rung ha kane ka Text Book Committee ka sorkar jong kata ka por.
Kum U Kaitor Ka Ktien Khasi : Ka kam kaba u H.K. Singh, u sdang trei nyngkong eh ka dei kum u nongput bikur (ban kyrsiew thiah) ha kawei ka kynhun shipai kaba ym pat don Khasi satia uba ioh ban rungkam ha kata ka kynhun shipai. Kumjuh ruh u dei pat u briew uba bang ban put bisli bad u nongput bisli uba tbit bha. 6 U dei uba bang bha ban rwai ban siaw bad u dei ruh u nongthaw jingrwai uba stad. Ia ka jingshisha jong ka jingpnah jong u ban thaw jingrwai lah ban sakhi na ki jingrwai kiba don haka kot jingrwai ka Balang kaba ula seng. Ula thaw 63 tylli ki jingrwai ha ka kot jingrwai ka balang Unitarian, bad kata hi kala dei kawei na ki matti ba khraw ha ka thoh ka tar. Ban thaw 63 tylli ki jingrwai kam dei ka kam kaba lah ban leh da uno uno u riewpaidbah khamtam ha kata ka por mynba ka thoh ka tar ha ka ktien Khasi (da ki dak Roman) ka dang shu sdang ka dang lung. Ban shemphang ia ka jingbha jong ki jingrwai kiba ula thaw, dei ban pule ia ka Kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian bad ka jingshisha kane ka kot jingrwai ka dei hi kawei na ki thiar ka thoh ka tar ka ktien Khasi kaba ki skholar ki la leh klet. Ha kane kajuh ka kot jingrwai ki don kumba 23 tylli ki jingrwai kiba la thaw da u R.S. Berry, uwei pat u Riewkhraw ka thoh ka tar jong ka jaitbynriew. Kumta ka kot jigrwai ka balang Unitarian lah ban ong ba ka dei kawei na ki kot kiba donkam bha haka thoh ka tar Khasi Pnar jong ngi. Nalor kata u H.K.Singh u don ruh kawei ka jingthoh prose kaba u thoh shaphang ka jingiaidlynti na Jowai sha Jaintiapur. Hynrei ka jingiaroh kaba khraw kaba u la dei ban ioh ka long ha kaba ia dei ba ki jingrwai kiba ula pynkylla Khasi (translation). Ha kaba ia dei bad ka jingbha bad jingbang jong ka rukom thoh Khasi jong u, lah ban shem na ki sakhi sabut kiba paw ha kata ka rta kaba u im.
U H.K.Singh um dei u nongsain nongshem ia thoh ka tar da ki dak Roman, hynrei ngim lah ban len ba namar ba u dei u Khasi nylla, u dei u nongpynjanai ia ka thoh ka tar ia ka ktien Khasi paka da ki dak Roman. Ki Welsh Missionery kila sdang ia ka thoh ka tar da kaba pyndonkam da ki dak Roman, hynrei ka rukom spel bad ka jingpyndei tara jong ki ia ki kyntien kam da ia hap dur hap sur eh. Shim tang ia ka nuksa kaba dang sah snap haduh mynta, ki Welsh Missionery haba ki pynkylla Khasi ia ka kyntien ‘bneng’ ki thoh byneng (kynnoh boneng) kaba bym iahap satia. Kane ka dei tang kawei ka jingshisha kaba pyni ba ka Khasi kaba u H.K.Singh u thoh ka dei ka Khasi kaba janai ban ia kaba ki Missionery ki thoh. Ia kane la nang pynskhem shuh shuh da ka jingthoh kaba la mih ha u Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006 kaba la thoh da u Dr. Sylvanus Lamare kaba u ong “ …Hangne ngin pyni ruh haduh katno u Hajom Kissor Singh, u don bynta ha kaba tei ia ka ktien Khasi, ngin shim na ka kot khubor “U Khasi Mynta,” Nailur 1, 1896. La thoh kumne, “Nga la ioh ar tylli ki kiba rit (tracts) bala thoh ha ka ktien Khasi da u Babu H.Kissor Singh, bad ia kawei ka la kylla Khasi da u Nilmoni. Ka Khasi jong kita ki kot ka long kaba itynnad shibun eh. Kita ki Kitab ki ialam beit bad iaid dur bha. La don shisha, haka jingspel wei ar kaba la shu kum btuit sha ka rim, hynrei kita kin sa nang padun suki sha ka jingjanai.” 7 Kawei pat ka sakhi ban pynpaw ia ka jingbha bad jingbit jingbiang ryntih ka rukom thoh Khasi jong u ka dei kaba la thoh biang da u Dr. Lamare hi ha kane ka ju ka jingthoh kaba u ong “Sa kawei kaba ngi lap ha “U Khasi Mynta,” Jylliew 1,899, la thoh kumne, “La phah sha ngi da U Babu Hajom Kissor Singh kawei ka kot jingrwai ki Unitarian ha ka ktien khasi ba ngin kynthoh ei ei ha “U Khasi Mynta.” La ngim da ong eiei ruh, ka long kaba la tip lypa ha ki briew baroh ba ka long kaba don ki jingrwai kiba kumno ne kiban rwai iaroh iano, hynrei kaba ngi iohi kaba kham donkam ka ban ong eiei hangne ka long ha ka jingbha ka ktien khasi jong kata ka kot jingrwai. Lada uno uno u khasi un pule un sngew ba ka jingmut ka da sngewthuh shai kdar namar ba ka ktien bad rukom thoh ka long ha ka rukom kren hi ngi ki khasi, bad ka jing spel ruh ka iaidbeit shisha shisha katban ym pyndkoh ia ki jingpule bad jingmut u nongpule. Tang don shisha ki jingspel khyndiat ki ba shu kum bakla. Hynrei don ruh ki jingpynpher khnang ia ka jingspel kum ka ktien “ieit” bad kiba kum kita haba ym shym i don jingpher ei ei wat lada kata ka ktien ka sah ha ka jingspel im.” 8 Namar kata ngi iohi ba u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh u don ka bynta kaba khraw ha kaban pynjanai ia ka thoh ka tar ia ka ktien Khasi ha kata ka rta mynba ka jingthoh ia ka ktien Khasi ka dang sdang dang lung, u ialeh ban thoh ha ka rukom kaba dei bad haka lynti kaba beit.
U Khraw Pyrkhat Uba ialeh pyrshah ia ka jingngeit biej : Ki jingrwai kiba u thaw ki dei ki; kiba phalang ia ka jingmut jingpyrkhat bad ka jingsngew kaba u don hapoh la ka mynsiem. Halor kane ka nongrim lah ban ong ba u Babu H.K.Singh u dei u briew uba pyrshah bha ia ka rukom ngeit biej bad khamtam ka jingngeit ia ki suid -lum suid-wah. Nuksa jingrwai kaba 5 dkhot 2, jingrwai 7 dkhot 3, jingrwai 35 dkhot 1.9 Ha ka por ba nga don ha Puriang, i bah Marit Nongspung (bam kwai ha duar U Blei) ila iathuh ia nga ba u H.K. Singh u ju thied ia ki jaka kiba ki briew ki ia ngeit ba ka dei ka jaka kaba shong ksuid khnang ban pyni ia ki ia kata ka jingshisha ba kata ka jingngeit bieit jong ki kam long satia kaba don nongrim.
U H.K.Singh u nongialeh pyrshah ia ki kam sniew : Ha ka jingtreikam jong u kum u Head Clark bad kumjuh ruh kum u Devan ka hima Khynrim, u H.K.Singh ula la ialeh ban pynduh ia ka jingsniew kaba mih na ka jingdih kiad bad iakhalai lyngba ka jingpynbna kaba 116 jong ka hima. 10 Ha shwa ba un leh ia kane namar ba u dei u briew uba stad uba shemphang, nyngkong ula pyniapher ia ka kiad um kaba tynrai jong u Khasi Pnar bad ka kiad kaba la wan rah da u Phareng ka kiad-pudka. Ka jingpynbna ka Khyrim State No. 186. 11 Ka jingdih buaid kaba u Khasi Pnar ula tip ka dei ka kiad khaw katba ka kiad kaba ki briew ki kyrni bad kaba pynsniew ia ka met u briew bad ia ka imlang ka dei ka wan hikai u phareng. Ha kaba ia dei bad kane ruh ula thaw kawei ka jingrwai kaba 321 dkhot kaba 2. 12
U Nongseng niam : U Rev. J.T. Sunderland (u sahep uba la ia don bynta ha ka jingialeh laitluid jong ka ri India jong ngi) u kynthoh kumne shaphang U H.K.Singh : “U Briew uba phylla shibun-uba adkar, u bym khwan lade, uba ka pyrthei kam tip, hynrei uba shlur, uba shynrang bad kum u nongmait lynti jong ka jingngeit Wei-Blei, ula long shisha uba khraw.” 13 Shuh shuh u Sunderland ula ong ba “… ka Balang u H.K. Singh ha India ka iapher la jan na baroh phar kiwei pat ki Mission Khristan ha ki lai rukom.1. ‘ …Ka long ka jingstad kaba nala ka ri. Ka mih kumban ong noh, bluit naka thymmei ka ri hi. Kumba la ong, u briew uba la sdang ia ka ula poi sha ka jingngeit Unitarian nala ka jong ka jingpule bad jingpyrkhat nadong shadong. Ym tang ba um ju iohsngew iaka jingiathuhkhana Unitarian, hynrei um ju iohi wat tang ia uwei u Unitarian ruh…’ 2. ‘…Naduh ba sdang u H.K. Singh bad ki para Khasi jong u kila ialeh bad la ia kyrpad ban ioh u Phadri Unitarian uba la ioh jingjikai, lada na America ne na Bilat ban iarap ia ki, bad ban long u nongkynpham bad nongialam jong ki. Ki la ia pyni nia ba sha kiwei kiwei ki jaid Khristan la phah da ki Phajri kiba nang, balei ba ia ki ym phah ? Wat katta ruh ym shym phah satia, kumta baroh ki jingialap jong ki, ki jingiaseng rubibar bad kiwei kiwei ki jinghikai niam, ki pyniaid ia ki Balang jong ki, bad ki kam kiba ia dei bad ka balang jong ki, la pyniaid baroh kine ki snem da ki shynrang bad kynthei ki bym shym la ju iakynduh ia kiwei pat ki Unitarian, ne rung ha kiwei pat ki Ingmane Unitarian ne jingiaseng, lait tang nala ki jong hi...’ 3. ‘… wat ka jingiarap tyngka ruh kila ioh tang khyndiat eh, ngam tharai ba ki ioh wat tang shi bynta naka shiphew bynta ia kaba kiwei ki Mission ki ioh kiba ha ka juh ka jinglong… Kim shym la ioh jingiarap kaba biang … ban kyrshan palat ia uwei u nongtrei ha ki Balang ne ki skul…La jan baroh naduh ka jingiathuhkhana, ka jinghikai ka jingpyniaid Balang, ka jingkhmih Balang bad kiwei de ki kam kiba ia dei bad ka niam la trei da ki nongkitkam ba khlem siew tulop… Nalor kaba trei iala ka kam Sorkar na kaba u bsa iala ka iing, u la long ruh u Lyngdoh khlem nam khlem tulop jong ki Balang baroh, uba la ai lut iala ka por ka balait, ia ka por katba u lah ei bad ia man kawei-pa-kwei ka tyngka ba tam naka tulop barit jong u sha ka kam kaba u da ieit haduh katta katta…’ ” 14
Ki don shibun kiei kiei kiba ngi lah ban thoh shaphang ka jingkhraw jong une u Khasi ba proh jabieng, sbun mynsiem bad ba shlur. Hynrei ha ine ki jingthoh iba rit ngim lah ban thoh lut ia baroh ki jingnoh synniang jong u sha ka imlang bad khamtam sha ka Balang Unitarian kaba u seng. Ha kane ka sngikha ba 142 snem jong une u Rangbah ka jingpynmih ia kane kawei pat ka jingthoh kyrpang kan pyndap khyndiat ia uta u tiar jingtip jong ngi shaphang une u Khraw pyrkhat ka jait bynriew. Ki Riewstad ka thoh ka tar, ka pule dangle ha ka ktien Khasi kila dei ban nang tih bad wadbniah shaphang une uwei pat u khlur jong ka jaitbynriew. Haka jingshisha wat ka Sorkar jylla ruh kala leh klet ia une u riewstad jong ka jylla, imat ngi ia bun kam ha kaban iaroh bad pyndon burom ia ki tiew kulap kiba wan nabar ri, ngi klet noh ia u tiew dohmaw ba mih na ka khyndew lajong ha ki ranap lum jong ngi hi.
Refference:
1 Rev. Devison Marbaniang, Ka jingkynmaw ieit, na Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh.
2 Ka Jingpynithuh da i Wessily Rani, ha ka kot Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh.
3 Rev. Devison Marbaniang, Ka jingkynmaw ieit, na Ka jingim bad Jingtrei jong u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh
4 Ka Jingim bad jingtrei u Babu Hajom Kissor Singh pp. 26 & 27.
5 Ibid pp. 27 & 28.
6 Kat kum ka jingtip jong nga bala thoh da u Phinton Mylliem Ngap, ha ka Jingim bad jingtrei jong u Babu H.K.Singh.
7 U Mawphor 12 tarik Naitung (July) 2006.
8 Ibid.
9 Ka Kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian.
10 Ka Jingim bad jingtrei u Babu H.K.Singh pp. 30.
11 Ibid pp. 30.
12 Ka kot Jingrwai ka Balang Unitarian.
13 U Nonglam Khmat ba Rangbah ha Ri Khasi-Jaintia bad Mikir, Ka kot khubor Jingkyntiew 23/10/1965.
14 Ibid.
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